Diabetes mellitus gradually destroys the kidneys, if it is not controlled or improperly treated. Complications of the organs are called diabetic nephropathy. If the kidneys are ultimately denied, then a surgical transplant is necessary. While it is not possible to find a donor's kidney, the patient's life is maintained through dialysis procedures. Regularly take blood tests for creatinine and urine for protein to check the organs. If the tests show that the kidney function is deteriorating, - immediately consult a doctor, do not delay treatment. Because the death from kidney failure is the most painful of the possible outcomes of diabetes.

How Diabetes Causes Kidney Disease
 In each kidney, a person has hundreds of thousands of so-called "glomeruli." These are filters that purify the blood of waste and toxins. Blood passes under pressure through the small capillaries of the glomeruli and is filtered at the same time. The bulk of the fluid and the standard components of the blood return to the body. A waste together with a small amount of fluid pass from the kidneys into the bladder. Then they are removed through the urethra.

 In diabetes, blood passes through the kidneys with increased sugar content. Glucose pulls a lot of fluid behind it, which causes high blood pressure inside each glomerulus. Therefore, the speed of glomerular filtration is the most critical indicator of the quality of kidneys - in the early stage of diabetes often increases. The glomeruli are surrounded by a tissue called the "glomerular basal membrane." And this membrane is anomalously thickened, like other tissues that adhere to it. As a consequence, the capillaries inside the glomeruli are gradually displaced. The less active glomerulus remains, the worse the kidneys filter the blood. Since there is a significant reserve of glomeruli in the organs of a person, the process of purifying the blood continues. In the end, the kidneys become so exhausted that symptoms of kidney failure appear : lethargy; headache; vomiting; diarrhea; the skin itches; metallic taste in the mouth; unpleasant smell from the mouth, reminiscent of the smell of urine; shortness of breath, even with minimal physical exertion and resting; spasms and leg cramps, especially in the evenings, before going to bed; loss of consciousness, coma. This happens, as a rule, in 15-20 years of diabetes, if the sugar in the blood was kept elevated, that is, diabetes was poorly treated. There is a uricemia - the accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the blood, which the affected kidneys can no longer filter.

 What can you do to prevent kidney damage in diabetes:
Maintain blood sugar close to average values - this is the most important thing to study the article " Diet for kidneys with diabetes "; regularly measure blood pressure at home with a tonometer; Your blood pressure should be normal, below 130/80; take tests that test the kidneys at least once a year; do everything necessary to control sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol and fats in the blood, including, take medication, which will appoint a doctor; adhere to the right diet for diabetes (in this issue, "official" recommendations are very different from ours, read below in this article); regularly do physical exercises , try home exercises with light dumbbells , which are absolutely safe for the kidneys; use alcohol "purely symbolically," never get drunk; stop smoking; find a good doctor who will "lead" your diabetes, and regularly go to him. Studies have convincingly shown that smoking itself is a significant factor that increases the risk of developing kidney failure in diabetes. Quitting smoking is not a formal recommendation, but an urgent necessity.

 Treatment of kidneys with diabetes The doctor prescribes renal therapy for diabetes, depending on the stage at which they are affected. The primary responsibility for the performance of appointments is the patient himself. Something depends on the members of his family.

 Primary areas of therapy for kidney disease in diabetes:

 ·   intensive control of blood sugar;

 ·   lowering blood pressure to the target level of 130/80 mm Hg. Art. And below; adherence to the optimal diet for diabetic kidney problems;

 ·  control the level of cholesterol and triglycerides (fats) in the blood; dialysis;

 ·  kidney transplantation