Nervous system disorders multiple sclerosis

What is Multiple sclerosis:

"It is a disease of the central nervous system that affects the spinal cord, the brain stem and the brain itself". It is more common among women and people between the ages of 20 and 40. MS affects myelin (white matter of the brain and spinal cord) and the brain stem - the area where a lot of nerve fibers are concentrated. The disease provokes their damage and inhibits the functioning due to the formation of sclerotic plaques. As a result, nerve fibers do not have the ability to carry out pulses freely.

Multiple sclerosis causes and consequences:

It occurs in the case of damage to the myelin sheath covering the neuronal cells - neurons - and can affect any area of the brain, thereby suppressing or, on the contrary, provoking unnecessary conduction of nerve impulses. With such damage, the human immunity begins to affect the nervous system and replace the normal nerve tissue of the fibers with a connective one - thus the plaques of multiple sclerosis appear. They can be randomly distributed throughout the body. Therefore, the disease has such a name ("scattered" means multiple, and "sclerosis" - scar). The disease progresses with the direct aggressive influence of the immune system on neural tissues.

Some studies link the occurrence in humans of multiple sclerosis and genetic inheritance, viruses, and even the environment and the place of residence of a person. However, the cause of the appearance of the disease and why our immunity begins to generate aggressive genes and destroy the nervous system has not yet been clarified precisely. But it is worth considering that the risk of developing sclerosis is high among those who have a history of relatives with a similar ailment, or live where this disease occurs quite often.

Among the consequences of multiple sclerosis, physicians         distinguish:

·     depression and emotional imbalance

·        disorders of pelvic organs and urinary tract

·        decubital ulcer (bedsores)

·        decreased intelligence and dementia

·        osteoporosis, thinning of bones

·        incompetence, inability to service oneself

·        complications associated with taking medications

·        How to recognize the ailment

Depending on the type of course of the disease and the duration of its development, symptoms may differ. In some cases, they make themselves felt for several days or weeks and sometimes progress for months and longer periods. It can recur, reappear and increase damage to the body over time.

Prolonged irradiation of the skin with the sun, hot baths, colds, and stress can provoke the appearance of sclerosis or worsen the condition in the presence of the disease. Although It affects the nervous system, symptoms of multiple sclerosis can manifest itself as a violation of various organs of the body, affecting the intestines, vision, muscles, genitourinary system, etc.

Visual impairment

 deterioration or loss of vision (usually one eye)

·    double vision

·    burning, pain, and pain

       uncontrolled movement of the eyeballs vertically or horizontally

·    temporary loss of vision

     Disorders of the intestine and urinary system

  frequent and sudden urge to urinate

     urinary incontinence

    difficulty in urinating

    incontinence

    constipation of the intestin

 Symptoms of the motor apparatus

·    inconvenience and difficulty in walking

·    disorder of coordination and fine motor skills

·    muscle spasms

·    imbalance

·    Weakness, the impotence of hands and feet

·     pain in the muscles of the face

·     tremor of hands or feet

·     numbness

·     fever, tingling or crawling in the hands or feet

·     Neurological and cerebral indications

       Nausea

·     loss of balance

·     Depression and emotional disorders

·     mental decline

·     deafness

·     distraction, loss of memory and reason

Other symptoms

·   dryness of the vagina in women, lack of vaginal lubrication

·    problems with erection

      fatigue (with a significant deterioration in the evening)

·   excessive or uncontrolled gesticulation

 difficulties with chewing, ingestion, and ingestion of food
Treatment

Unfortunately, at the moment there is no multiple sclerosis remedy. However, it is possible to resort to therapy, which will stop the course of the disease and help the patient to return to normal life.

In this case, it is recommended to take:

Fingolimod (Gilenya)

·   antidepressants for improvement of the state of health and   mood

·     Cholinergic drugs for the treatment of urinary disorders

·    In addition, the following tools and methods can help the patient effectively:

·    Sports and physical activities

·    Occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech therapy

      Support groups

·     Use of walkers, wheelchairs, lifts, handrails, etc.

·     The use of products that are easy to chew and swallow

·  A balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle, reducing stress, strengthening immunity, avoiding high temperatures

·  Adaptation of the home to reduce the risk of falls and injuries